[PDF]    http://dx.doi.org/10.3952/lithjphys.49207

Open access article / Atviros prieigos straipsnis

Lith. J. Phys. 49, 197–202 (2009)


XPS STUDY OF V1.67Ti0.33Oδ⋅nH2O XEROGELS INTERCALATED WITH HYDROQUINONE
V. Bondarenkaa,b, H. Tvardauskasa, S. Grebinskija, M. Senulisa, A. Pašiškevičiusa, V. Volkovc, and G. Zakharovac
aSemiconductor Physics Institute, A. Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail: bond@pfi.lt
bVilnius Pedagogical University, Studentų 39, LT-08106, Vilnius, Lithuania
cInstitute of Solid State Chemistry, Pervomayskaya 91, 620219 Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation

Received 15 January 2009; revised 3 February 2009; accepted 18 June 2009

Layered nanocomposites of V1.67Ti0.33OδnH2O gels are synthesized by using sol-gel technology. Then an aqueous solution of hydroquinone (HQ) was mixed with the formed gel in molar ratio 0.33 : 1 and 0.17 : 1 respectively. In this way the V1.67Ti0.33OδnH2O/2HQ and V1.67Ti0.33OδnH2O/HQ gels were synthesized. The valences of vanadium and titanium ions in the investigated compounds are studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after etching the samples with Ar+ ions for 15 min (3 keV, current density 10 μAcm–2). XPS analysis results show that independent of the hydroquinone intercalation degree (one or two hydroquinone) and Ar+ ion etching the ions of titanium are in stable 4+ states. Vanadium ions in all cases (one or two hydroquinone, before and after etching) are in V3+, V4+, and V5+ states. The increase in quantity of hydroquinone in the samples leads to higher concentration of V3+ and V4+ ions. The concentrations of lower valence vanadium ions increase after Ar+ ion etching of the samples.
Keywords: vanadium hydrates, sol-gel technology, hydroquinone, XPS
PACS: 79.60.-i, 81.20.Fw, 82.70.Gg


V1,67Ti0,33Oδ⋅nH2O KSEROGELIŲ, INTERKALIUOTŲ HIDROCHINONU, RENTGENO FOTOELEKTRONINIŲ SPEKTRŲ TYRIMAS
V. Bondarenkaa,b, H. Tvardauskasa, S. Grebinskija, M. Senulisa, A. Pašiškevičiusa, V. Volkovc, G. Zakharovac
aPuslaidininkių fizikos institutas, Vilnius, Lietuva
bVilniaus pedagoginis universitetas, Vilnius, Lietuva
cKietojo kūno chemijos institutas, Jekaterinburgas, Rusija

Pateikti V1,67Ti0,33OδnH2O/2HQ ir V1,67Ti0,33O4,85nH2O/HQ (HQ – hidrochinonas) gelių, gautų naudojant zolio ir gelio technologiją, Rentgeno fotoelektronų spektrai. Tyrinėtuose junginiuose vanadžio ir titano jonų valentingumas analizuotas remiantis Rentgeno fotoelektronų spektroskopija (RFS) prieš ir po bandinių ėsdinimo Ar+ jonais, trukusį 15 min (3 keV, srovės tankis 10 μAcm–2). RFS analizės rezultatai parodė, jog, nepriklausomai nuo hidrochinono interkaliavimo laipsnio (vienas ar du HQ) ir ėsdinimo Ar+ jonais, titano jonai yra stabiliose 4+ būsenose. Vanadžio jonai visais atvejais (vienas ar du HQ, prieš ir po ėsdinimo) yra V3+, V4+ ir V5+ būsenose. V3+ ir V4+ santykinė koncentracija didėja, didėjant HQ kiekiui geliuose bei po bandinių ėsdinimo Ar+ jonais.


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