[PDF]
http://dx.doi.org/10.3952/lithjphys.50116
Open access article / Atviros prieigos straipsnis
Lith. J. Phys. 50, 151–160 (2010)
LIETDOS-BIO ASSESSMENT APPROACH
TO THE ENVIRONMENT NON-HUMAN BIOTA EXPOSURE BY IONIZING
RADIATION
T. Nedveckaitėa, V. Filistovica, D.
Marčiulionienėb, N. Prokoptchuka, A. Gudelisa,
R. Plukienėa, V. Remeikisa, and J. Vives i
Batllec
aInstitute of Physics, Savanorių 231, LT-02300
Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail: tatjana@cablenet.lt
bInstitute of Botany of Nature Research Centre,
Žaliųjų ežerų 49, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
cWestlake Scientific Consulting Ltd, The Princess
Royal Building, Westlakes Science and Technology Park, Moor Row,
Cumbria CA24 3LN, United Kingdom
Received 14 January 2010; revised
24 February 2010; accepted 19 March 2010
legal commitments for the
environment protection. The LIETDOS-BIO assessment approach to
Environment protection from ionizing radiation is being developed
to address contamination issues associated with nuclear power
production and radioactive waste disposal in Lithuania. The
LIETDOS-BIO was designed to be consistent with MCNPX code and
Crystal Ball software for uncertainty analysis. The modelling of
radionuclide migration through the components of a hypothetical
waste disposal system (hypothetical Stabatiškės waste disposal
contaminated zone, unsaturated zone, aquifer, and recharge to Lake
Drūkšiai) has been performed using the computer code
RESRAD-OFFSITE and a number of site-specific parameters together
with distributions. Submerged hydrophytes were selected as biota
exposure indicators because they represent the largest biomass in
Lake Drūkšiai and have comparatively high radionuclide activity
concentrations. The presented data demonstrate that submerged
hydrophyte exposure is determined mainly by natural background
radionuclides with predominance of
226Ra ionizing
radiation in the case of external exposure and internally
incorporated
-emitters.
238U is the major contributor in the case of internal
exposure. The LIETDOS-BIO code for non-human biota dose rate
calculations was assessed during IAEA EMRAS BWG scientific program
performance, and modelled-to-measured activity concentration
predictions were found to be acceptable with the absolute value of
Z-score between 0 and 2 derived from the
Z-score
intercomparison. The preliminary data presented here make it
possible to investigate the relevance of Lake Drūkšiai as a
cooling pond for the progression of nuclear energetics in
Lithuania. A final decision on acceptability of this option awaits
further review.
Keywords: environmental radiation
protection, non-human biota, LIETDOS-BIO approach
PACS: 28.52.Nh, 28.41.Kw, 87.55.N-
LIETDOS-BIO METODAS BIOTOS
APŠVITAI JONIZUOJANČIĄJA SPINDULIUOTE VERTINTI
T. Nedveckaitėa, V. Filistovica, D.
Marčiulionienėb, N. Prokopčiuka, A. Gudelisa,
R. Plukienėa, V. Remeikisa, J. Vives i
Batllec
aFizikos institutas, Vilnius, Lietuva
bGamtos tyrimų centro Botanikos institutas,
Vilnius, Lietuva
cWestlake Scientific Consulting Ltd., Jungtinė Karalystė
Iki pastarojo laikotarpio daug dėmesio buvo
skirta žmogaus radiacinei saugai. Šiuo metu dėl branduolinės
energetikos ciklo įmonių plėtros ir Europos Sąjungos, ir kitos
nacionalinės bei tarptautinės organizacijos vis daugiau dėmesio
skiria skirtingų ekosistemų (sausumos, gėlavandenės ir jūrinės)
faunos ir floros (dažniausiai vadinamų biota) radiacinės saugos
vertinimui. Vykdant Tarptautinės atominės energetikos agentūros
mokslinius projektus, įteisintas LIETDOS-BIO modelis ir
kompiuterinė programa, kartu su tam tikslui sudaryta paprograme,
kuri suderinta su MCNPX ir Crystall Ball programomis, leidžia
įvertinti biotos apšvitą branduolinės energijos gamybos įrenginių
ir radioaktyviųjų atliekų saugyklų bei kapinynų aplinkoje, taikant
matematinės statistikos metodus neapibrėžtims įvertinti.
Taikant vietines sąlygas atitinkančius parametrų dydžius,
įvertinta Ignalinos AE aušinimo baseino Drūkšių ežero biotos
apšvita, atsižvelgiant į galimą RESRAD-OFFSITE programa įvertintą
radionuklidų sklaidą ir patekimo į ežerągalimybę iš 1,5 km
nutolusio numatomo labai mažo aktyvumo (A klasės) radioaktyviųjų
atliekų kapinyno. Gautieji preliminarūs duomenys rodo, kad biotos
apšvita dėl gamtinės kilmės radionuklidų jonizuojančiosios
spinduliuotės poveikio šiuo atveju yra žymiai didesnė, lyginant su
dirbtinės kilmės radionuklidų sąlygota apšvita, bei neviršija šiuo
metu Europos Sąjungoje rekomenduojamos didžiausios galimos 10 μGy/h
dozės galios. Atliktas pradinis nagrinėjimas rodo kompleksinių
tyrimų būtinumą siekiant nustatyti, ar Drūkšių ežeras yra
naudotinas tolimesnei branduolinės energetikos plėtrai Lietuvoje.
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