The plasma formation and extraction processes in silicon n⁺np⁺, p⁺pn⁺, and Schottky TRAPATT (TRApped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transit) diodes were simulated. The drift-diffusion model was chosen for the simulation of the processes. We show that the minority carrier storage depends on the TRAPATT diode structure. The most intensive minority carrier storage takes place in the n⁺np⁺ diode, where holes accumulate in the n⁺ region and electrons in the p⁺ region. The extraction of electrons from the p⁺ region is more rapid due to higher electron mobility compared to holes. Thus, the initial current for the next oscillation period is the hole current. In the p+pn+ diode the accumulation of holes in the n⁺ region is inferior to that in the n⁺np⁺ diode due to a higher electric field in the pn⁺ interface. The initial current in p⁺pn⁺ diodes is lower and the voltage oscillation is almost periodic. The most efficient structure in respect to low minority carrier storage is a pm-type Schottky diode. In this structure the initial conditions in all voltage oscillation periods are the same and there is a quite periodic oscillation in a very wide region of the diode total current density. We show that periodic oscillation can be achieved even in the n+np+ diode with optical generation of the carriers during the plasma formation and extraction period.

Keywords: simulation, avalanche diodes, diffusion, minority carrier storage
PACS: 85.30.Mn

SILICIO n⁺np⁺, p⁺pn⁺ IR ŠOTKIO TRAPATT DIODŲ MODELIAVIMAS
J. Vyšniauskas, J. Matukas
Vilniaus universiteto Fizikos fakultetas, Vilnius, Lietuva

Darbe pateikti plazmos susidarymo bei išsiurbimo procesų n⁺np⁺, p⁺pn⁺ ir Šotkio silicio TRAPATT (TRApped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transit) dioduose modeliavimo rezultatai. Procesų modeliavimui buvo pasirinktas dreifinis-difuzinis modelis. Parodyta, kad šalutinių krūvininkų kaupimas priklauso nuo TRAPATT diodo sandaros. Intensyviausias šalutinių krūvininkų kaupimas vyksta n⁺np⁺ diode, kur skylės kaupiasi n⁺ srityje, o elektronai – p⁺ srityje. Dėl didesnio judrio elektronų išsiurbimas iš p+ srities vyksta greičiau negu skylių iš n⁺ srities. Dėl to pradinė srovė kitame virpesių periode yra skylių srovė. p⁺pn⁺ diode skylių kaupimas n⁺ srityje yra mažesnis negu n⁺np⁺ diode (dėl didesnio elektrinio lauko np⁺ sandūroje). Pradinė srovė p⁺pn⁺ dioduose yra mažesnė, o įtampos virpesiai praktiškai yra periodiniai. Efektyviausias mažo šalutinių krūvininkų kaupimo požiūriu darinys yra pm tipo Šotkio diodas. Šiame darinyje pradinės sąlygos visiems įtampos virpesių periodams yra vienodos, ir virpesiai praktiškai yra periodiniai plačiame pilnosios srovės tankio diapazone. Parodyta, kad periodiniai virpesiai gali egzistuoti netgi n⁺np⁺ diode optiškai generuojant krūvininkus plazmos formavimosi ir išsiurbimo metu.

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