Lithuanian Journal of Physics article / Lietuvos fizikos žurnalo straipsnis

TOWARDS WIRELESS DATA TRANSMISSION WITH COMPACTALL-ELECTRONIC THz SOURCE AND DETECTOR SYSTEM
Albert Cesiul^a, Kęstutis Ikamas^a,c, Dmytro B. But^b, Ieva Morkūnaitė^a, Tautvydas Lisauskas^d, and Alvydas Lisauskas^a,b
^aInstitute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
^bCENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High-Pressure Physics PAS, Sokołowska 29, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
^cResearch Group on Logistics and Defense Technology Management, General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Šilo 5A, 10322 Vilnius, Lithuania
^dSE ‘Terahertz Technologies’, Pamėnkalnio 5-4, 01116 Vilnius, Lithuania
Email: alvydas.lisauskas@ff.vu.lt

Received 17 September 2022; accepted 20 September 2022

This paper presents a fully-electronic wireless link operating at the 250 GHz frequency. The key elements of the developed system are the voltage-controlled harmonic oscillator implemented in 65 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology (CMOS) and a quasi-optical detector with a resonant-antenna-coupled field-effect transistor completed in 90 nm CMOS. The source is optimized for the third harmonic emission at 252 GHz with radiated power reaching up to –11 dBm (decibels with reference to one milliwatt) level. The detector has a resonance maximum of 254 GHz with a bandwidth of 25% and a minimal optical noise equivalent power of 22 pW/ $\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ . We employ an on-off keying technique for data coding and demonstrate digital signal transmission from 0.4 to 18 m distances. At 0.4 m distance and modulation frequency of 32 MHz, we achieve a 15.9 dB signal-to-noise ratio. The channel capacity of assembled communication link reaches 266 Mbit/s. However, it is limited by external electronic components – the amplifier and the modulator bandwidths. Implementing state-of-the-art high-frequency circuits should allow directly scaling the throughput to 10 Gbit/s.
Keywords: power generation, wireless communication, THz detection, RF chipset, Si CMOS

KOMPAKTIŠKOS BELAIDĖS DUOMENŲ PERDAVIMO SISTEMOS SU ELEKTRONINIU THz ŠALTINIU IR DETEKTORIUMI KŪRIMAS
Albert Cesiul^a, Kęstutis Ikamas^a,c, Dmytro B. But^b, Ieva Morkūnaitė^a, Tautvydas Lisauskas^d, Alvydas Lisauskas^a,b

^aVilniaus universiteto Taikomosios elektrodinamikos ir telekomunikacijų institutas, Vilnius, Lietuva
^bLenkijos mokslų akademijos Aukšto slėgio fizikos instituto CENTERA laboratorijos, Varšuva, Lenkija
^cGenerolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademijos Logistikos ir gynybos technologijų vadybos mokslo grupė, Vilnius, Lietuva
^dMB „Terahercų Technologijos“, Vilnius, Lietuva

Šiame straipsnyje pristatoma visiškai elektroninė belaidžio ryšio linija, veikianti 250 GHz dažniu. Pagrindiniai sukurtos sistemos elementai yra įtampa valdomas harmoninis osciliatorius, pagamintas naudojant 65 nm jungtinę metalo oksido puslaidininkio technologiją (JMOP), ir kvazioptinis detektorius su atrankiąja antena ir lauko tranzistoriumi, pagamintas naudojant 90 nm JMOP. Šaltinis atitaikytas trečiosios harmonikos spinduliuotės emisijai 252 GHz dažniu, jo spinduliuojama galia siekia –11 dBm lygį. Detektoriaus jautrio maksimumas yra 254 GHz, dažnių juostos plotis – 25 %, o minimali optinė efektinė triukšmo galia siekia 22 pW/ $\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ . Duomenims koduoti naudojame moduliavimą įjungimo-išjungimo raktu ir demonstruojame skaitmeninio signalo perdavimą nuo 0,4 iki 18 m atstumu. Esant 0,4 m atstumui ir 32 MHz moduliacijos dažniui, pasiekiamas 15,9 dB signalo ir triukšmo santykis. Surinktos ryšio sistemos kanalo laidumas siekia 266 Mbit/s, tačiau jį riboja tik išoriniai elektroniniai komponentai – stiprintuvo ir moduliatoriaus dažnių juostos plotis. Įdiegus šiuolaikines aukšto dažnio grandines, laidumą būtų galima tiesiogiai padidinti iki 10 Gbit/s.

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